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Thursday, December 12, 2019

An Imaginary Life Commentary Essay Example For Students

An Imaginary Life Commentary Essay This passage from An Imaginary Life by David Malouf focuses on the returning of The Child to his normal environment. It is in this prose that one of the prevalent themes is explored the interrelationship between Man and his environment and the impact changes in the environment have on ones personality. The effects of setting and physical surroundings are largely depicted and consequently issues such as education, isolation and the irony of the metamorphoses are highlighted. This is due to the description diction and imagery seen throughout the passage, helping portray Ovids adaptation to his new environment and the relationship he has with The Child. We will write a custom essay on An Imaginary Life Commentary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This final passage of novel portrays the end result of Ovids metamorphoses. Initially he describes the environment as bleak and has an extremely pessimistic to his surroundings. However as he learns more about speech and culture of Tomis he learns the true meaning of transformation learning life through invaluable lessons and interactions with the environment. And this is what is so evident in this prose. He comes to understand that you cannot change someone to suit your needs, in this instance it is The Child. He completes his learning cycles, becoming part of the boys world. He does this by rejecting the society of Tomis and living in a state completely dependent on the environment. From this once can see that Ovid undertook a life changing spiritual and physical journey an idea most evident in this passage. In the opening lines of the passage Malouf highlights the openness and vastness of the land which once scared Ovid And so we come to it, the place. This ambiguous statement further characterizes not only Ovid but The Child. It portrays the freedom and satisfaction of the environment and the natural animalistic instincts The Child has, as he (The Child) moves way as usual to forage for our evening meal. This also depicts the boundaries and edges continually referred to throughout the novel. It relates to the fear the Ovid has and the freedom The Child now has. It can be said that the natural environment that the Child is so used to, influence the poet to the extent that age and elements of the human mind are no longer significant, but rather the existence of life is everlasting, I ascend grain by grain, into the hands of the Gods its the pint on the earths surface where I disappear. The Child is another crucial character whose personality is changed and influenced through variations in his environment, similar to Ovid. The Child, in a sense, represents how societal restraints can harm ones identity, and how non-conformity can fabricate outside conflict, yet personal pleasure. In the beginning, The Child is perceived as a mystical, perplexing character who is scarcely even human, and without doubt not a member of any civilization. He is a wild boy. However he is seen through the eyes of Ovid in a different manner. He is astounded at the Boys existence and at times obsessed about bringing him into modern, yet primitive society. As Ovid develops his relationship with The Child, two boundaries of surviving in a certain environment become clear, and both consider existence in the other world to be unthinkable. The Child is a noteworthy paradigm of how humans and the landscape are entwined, and grow to be almost one. It is in this final passage which highlights this idea. This is extremely evident through the descriptive imagery of The Child by the stream, stooping, kneeling, starting off again with his spring-heeled gait as he gathers small snails amongst the weeds. It is through these present participles, stooping, and animalistic adjectives, spring-heeled that portrays to the reader how humans and the environment can grow to be almost one. .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .postImageUrl , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:visited , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:active { border:0!important; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:active , .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252 .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u34fafdae75a2d27edaa4d3a30d55a252:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Puritan Poetry and Edward Taylor EssayOvid makes every effort for a sensation of belonging and harmony with all the elements, despite at first he attempts to discipline the Child, he constantly seems more captivated than concerned by the Boys unique skill to mirror several characteristics of the natural world. Like Ovid, the Boy is influenced by changes in environment. This is illustrated when he remarks it is not at all as I had imagined. There are no wolves. It is clear sunlight. Thus depicting Ovids fear of the unknown but also referring back to the idea of imagination, a concept prevalent throughout the whole novel, hence the title. This concept of imagination is further alluded to in the prose. It highlights that Ovid is finally coming to terms with not only the environment and his surroundings, but also his body. He has had a physically and metal journey. He refers back to Rome, Its strange to look back on the enormous landscape across my life in Rome, and the his childhood. Portraying the Ovid has finally accepted his punishment for the footprints lead to this place and not other and that The Child does not belong in a human civilization but rather his own civilization with nature. It is this metaphor that leads onto his reflection of his childhood. This must be examined for it shows that despite how far he has come, he still thinks of his youth its shows the idea of imagination t again through his dreams and thoughts. This allusion of his childhood on his farm concludes with the paradoxical statement, It is spring. It is summer. I am three years old. I am sixty. The short stagmatic sentences of it is spring I am three years old refers t his dream, whereas It is summer I am sixty refers to the present tense. Thus illustrating that despite his mental journey he is still in two minds, but everyday is finding it easier to identify with the culture a completely different culture to Rome.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Citation and Organizational Structure free essay sample

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Financial Service in the United Kingdom

Introduction The financial services industry in the UK offers three basic services. This includes paying an intermediate role between borrowers and savers. They also provide payment services. Lastly, they offer insurance against risks.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Financial Service in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The financial service industry in the UK has a number of players including banks, insurance companies, saving firms, and stock exchange markets. These services are critical in facilitating the functioning of the economy. These different areas of functionality are very important to the proper functioning of the UK economy. While the financial services mentioned are fairly timeless, the characteristics of the industry and the systems offering them changes endlessly. These changes are guided by both regulatory and economic developments (Amel, Barnes, Panetta and Salleo 2004). This paper tracks the changes of a core part of the financial services industry in the UK, the banking sector, focusing on one playerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s major strategic service marketing variables. The paper also explores the association between these strategic variables and theoretical principles of service marketing. The paper explores the transformation caused by technology in the economics of banking. Focus will also be directed to the deregulation of the 1970s and 80s, which freed financial institutions to take advantage of the emerging opportunities through financial innovation and globalization (Amel, Barnes, Panetta and Salleo 2004). This has led to the expansion of the banking groups. This has resulted in public-policy attention targeting the issue of the costs. This aspect has been characterized by huge and intricate institutions appearing to be very stable (Dale 1999). Banking Sector structure The structure of the United KingdomÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s banking sector is highly determined by the c hanging role of banks in the financial system and services industry over the years. By the end of the 1950s, about 100 banks offered information, collected to evaluate the working of the UKs monetary system.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sixteen clearing banks from Scotland and England controlled about Ã‚ £ 8.3 billion in the form of assets (Dale 1999). This accounted for about 85 percent of the assets held by the UKs banking sector. The amount also accounted for about 30 percent of the GDP of the UK (Piesse, Peasnell and Ward 1995). Clearing banks were comparatively focused on commercial lending, deposit taking services, and the provision of payment services (Figure 1). Furthermore, they got funding from customer deposits. This included 60 percent in the form of current accounts, and 35 percent from interest-earning time deposit accounts. These deposits funded liquid and low risk assets (Piesse, Peasnell and Ward 1995). During the 1960s, 35 percent of the assets of the London clearing banks were held in treasury bills, cash, and discounted bills. A further 28 percent went to gilt-edged securities, while customer loans comprised about 30 percent (Buckle and Thompson 2004). Between the 1960s and 1970s, the assets of banks and building societies grew steadily. This could be associated with the emergence of London as an international financial center. During the same period, banks owned by foreigners experienced growth within the UK. In the late 1970s, financial establishments in the United Kingdom owned over 170 billion pounds as part of foreign currency assets. This constituted above half of their total assets. The banking institutions by foreigners concentrated on wholesale activities (Piesse, Peasnell and Ward 1995). The structure of the UK banking sector was further affected by the consolidation sector between 1960 and 2010. At present, more t han 3000 building societies and banks are allowed to accept deposits in the UK. Most of the clearing banks that were operating in the 1960s have changed ownership, and are now being owned by the largest banks in the UK (Wolgast 2001). Notably, the large banking institutions in the UK account for the largest share of the customer base. This is with respect to the deposits and lending capabilities.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Financial Service in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As clearing banks continued consolidation and growth over the years, they have also adopted a wider range of functions. The established banking institutions in the UK have spread to other parts of the world. They have establishments that offer different financial services to other parts of the world (Figure 2). The UK banks have established themselves as principal international players in these markets (Singh 20 07). For example, 3 banking institutions in the United Kingdom were ranked among the best performers in various markets based on various aspects. In this case, they performed better in foreign exchange trading. They also recorded a good performance in bond underwriting. Furthermore, these banks had a good score in interest rate swaps. The expansion of the banking industry to encompass other parts of the world has been a great achievement (Piesse, Peasnell and Ward 1995). Collectively, the balance sheets of UK banks amount to more than 500 percent of the annual GDP of UK (Table 1). Much of the growth has taken place during the past one decade. Some of the well established banks had an asset base that was more than the the annual gross domestic product of the United Kingdom (Figure 3). In addition, the capacity of the banking institutions in exploiting the opportunities presented by these economies have been on the rise. For instance, previous restrictions made it impossible for the b anking institutions to thrive and adjust when necessary. Financial deregulation helped break these forces, as well as bringing into operation stronger competitive forces across the UK banking sector. This encouraged them to move to markets presenting higher margins (Christiansen Baird 1998). For this study, focus will be directed towards exploring the Barclays group, which is headquartered in London. The bank runs operations internationally, in more than 50 territories and countries across Asia, Europe, Africa, South America and North America. As of 31 December 2010, the bank held assets totaling to USD 2.33 trillion.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is the fourth largest and the 6th oldest bank in the world. The focus of the bank is split into two: retail and business banking and corporate and investment banking together with investment and wealth management (Barclays Bank PLC 2011). P and (Ferran Goodhart 2001). The opportunities available in the UK banking sector The opportunities available to the banks operating within the UK banking sector of include that banks could increase their base profitability through venturing in international financial markets. This was made possible by the consolidation of the UK banking sector, which made it simpler local banks to venture beyond the local market. Another opportunity to the players within the UK banking sector is the liberalization of the banking services sector. This allows them to deliver a wider range of banking services. Particularly, in the UK, banks are allowed to offer a range of services ranging from foreign exchange trading, bond underwriting, and interest rate swaps. The incorporating of new technologies and and banking approaches in the UK banking sector has created areas of business expansion (Slattery and Nellis 2005). Examples include trading in international transfers, which are receiving most usage during the present time of international business transactions. The UK banking services market is fully developed, which offers different lines of business expansion for banking institutions within the sector (Slattery and Nellis 2005). For instance, the UK banking sector consumers are high financial services performers as compared to the banking industries of other developed nations, as well as the underdeveloped nations. The recent collapsed of weaker UK banks within the banking sector created space for more market share acquisition among the stable banking groups like Barclays. During the liquidation of collapsed banks also created an avenue for asset acquisition among the banks that remained stable during the economic downturn. Another oppo rtunity for bankers within the UK banking sector is that they are allowed to impose relatively higher interest rates, which may not be available at other national banking markets. The threats facing the UK banking sector The marketing strategy of the Barclays group is primarily based on implementing a product development and market penetration that captures the current account market portion of the banks that have been weakened by the economic crisis. The groupÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s strategy. The acquisition of the assets, as well as the business of collapsed banks, which collapsed during the crisis, could prove to be a significant error, despite its positive side, in case the economic downturn prolongs. In the UK banking sector, bankers face the threat of legal suits, in case they fall victim to the situation of moving loss-making investments related to the sub-prime market of their accounts. There is a threat that customers may opt to move to bankers who are more specialized due to shift to mo re universal banking service delivery. Despite that, they are few in the UK. Another UK banking sector threat facing the UK bankers is that banks are in a less strong situation as compared to industry leaders at their overseas operations centers. PESTEL Analysis The political structure in the country favors the banking industry. This is because politics in the country do not affect business activities in the country. The country is politically neutral, and accepts people from different political backgrounds. The economy of the country is vibrant because there is a lot of income from oil. The economy of the country is supported by investors from other countries. The banking industry has grown tremendously because there are many business activities. Technology in the country is high because the government has encouraged the adoption of modern technologies. The government has established strategies to encourage the use of technologies in all industries. The social factors encourage the use of banking services. Most businesses are large enterprises and there is need to use banking services to conduct corporate businesses. The legal systems have supported businesses in the country because businesses are protected against illegal activities. Commonalities and differences service marketing strategies of the major players within the UK banking sector The commonalities of service marketing strategies existing between the major players within the UK banking sector include the adoption of a service model that focus on individual banking, as opposed to corporate banking. Some of the major layers in the industry are HSBC, Royal Bank of Scotland Group, Lloyds Banking Group and Barclays among others. Standard Chartered In this case, the underlying fact is that these players are developing services that are customer-population oriented. For this reason, the focus of many players is savings products, current and transaction accounts, small business lending, consumer lending, l arge business lending, and mortgage lending. Among the products that are not offered by many of the major players include security lending and security insurance. These major players are also similar in the area of value delivery to their employees. The services included in this case are employee development, neighborhood improvement projects, and employee retention. Through these services, the major players seek to create a favorable image among the customer population, as well as offer high value services by keeping their employees motivated (Moran 1991). Among the main players, there was a commonality that all were in pursuit of setting profit levels that were not necessarily exorbitant. However, this was for those that could enable them to continue service provision and product development. The different players also employed an integrated strategy, where market and non-market components are incorporated into service and product development. In essence, these banks research both the market, as well as the non-market environment for strategies (corporate social responsibility), implementation coordination and strategy formulation (Moran 1991). Differences in service marketing strategies among major players within the UK banking sector include that the outlook of investing in international markets is not shared among all. In essence, the international investing outlook of the different major players differs, in that some are more reserved than others. For example, Barclays and HSBC hold a fairer outlook, have invested more in international diversified than the other major parties (Turner 2010). This is mainly the case, when focus is placed on investing in developing countries. In the area of diversification through acquisitions, some players like Barclays were more open to acquiring collapsed industry players. That was the case, especially after the crisis, where Barclays as compared to others was more open to acquisition negotiations. For instance, Barclays ventured in a partial acquisition of LehmanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s despite fears among other major players, that in case the crisis prolonged, the move would prove detrimental. Another fundamental difference is evident in their price setting outlook, as players like Barclays were more likely to enforce questionable interest rates as compared to the others. The focus of these other major sector players was imposing rates that will allow for service continuity. For example, Barclays faced the threat of a legal suit, contesting the interest rates it had imposed. Marketing strategy of Barclays Bank Then, also, focuses on the development of products that counter non-traditional financial institutions. An example was the groupÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s launch of a prepaid card service, which marked a milestone in the current account market. Like before, the groupÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s strategy entails trying innovative sales and marketing mechanisms at London, which it uses to stage entry into its overseas market. The group has hi storically identified with the use of a differentiation strategy, which allows it to capture a larger market share from industry players that are weakening. Key strategic service marketing issues for Barclays Bank, during the next 5 years In the area of market positioning Ã¢â‚¬â€œ which entails imposing the company and its services among the customers Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Barclays positions itself in differentiating ways, which enables it to remain a competitive brand within the UK banking sector. The bank has done this by ensuring that it remains a truly, globally linked bank, which incorporates its international networks in service development. In the area of market segmenting and targeting, Barclays focuses on addressing the needs of customers will similarly pressing needs and wants. For instance, it recently launched the student card service, which offers value to the segment, and an area which has not been exhausted by its competitors (Devlin 2005). Regarding the future of BarclayÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s positioning and market segment in, the bank will remain a competitive banker as it launches its services and products after duration of effectiveness testing. For example, the student card services were tested at UK alone for over six months before it could be extended to other markets. From the bankÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s market outlook, it has secured its future by capturing the market of collapsed competitors like LehmanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s. By doing that, the bank expands its customer coverage, and itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s more market influence for future competitiveness (Devlin 2005). Among the key strategic marketing issues of the bank is the area of researched product development. For instance, before developing the student card, the bank sought to encourage prudence in spending, by reducing levels of overspending. The bank has also capitalized on the strategic development of banking services with unique features (Fletcher 1985). An example is the case of their prepaid cards: budget manager and financial manager , which are designed to enable customers transfer their their spendable money from the bank to the card. Other banking services that will form part of the future of Barclays banking services is online banking, which allows customers the flexibility to change their standing orders as well as the amounts to be transferred to the spending account. Based on PESTLE analysis, Barclay Banks price setting is guided by a number of factors. These factors include profit maximization, survival, market share maximization, personal objectives, and social considerations (Fletcher 1985). These factors help the bank establish the balance between price reduction and ensuring business success, which is a strategic marketing service issue, which is likely to keep the bank ahead of its competition in the future. In ensuring that it keeps its competitiveness among customers, the bank has invested in the development of its employee-base, to ensure that they attend to customers as the bank would expect. Th rough these strategies, the bank will be able to reach its customers as well as address their changing, unique needs in the future. The relationship between the service marketing issues identified and theoretical principles of service marketing The principle of service marketing place emphasis on the fact that services differ from other products in a number of ways (Lovelock and Wright 2001). These ways include that services are comparatively more heterogeneous and unchangeable in their very nature. Therefore, due to these characteristics, it is important for a service delivery organization to develop marketing and management approaches that differentiate them from competitors. Bearing in mind that the banking sector is primarily service based, the players within the UK banking sector have sought differentiation based on customer outlook (Brockman and Morgan 2003). For example, in the case of Barclays bank, the management has continually worked on the development of services that ar e unique from those of their competitors. An example is the case of the student card, which is designed to limit and control the expenditure of the bank customers. Through service differentiation, it is clear that the bank will receive familiarity among its customers as well as potential customers. Therefore, the link between service marketing issues and principles of service marketing is the ability to break the homogeneity that is perceived between different services (Lovelock and Wright 2001). In the case of Barclay bank, they have been able to achieve in many cases, therefore, remaining highly competitive in the UK banking sector (Christiansen and 1998). Conclusion The UK financial services industry provides three basic services including intermediation between borrowers and savers, payment services and offering insurance against risks. These service areas are very important to the effective functioning of the UK economy as they touch on various critical areas, including product ion. However, due to technological and regulatory changes, the structure and the nature of the systems offering them changes constantly, which forces industry players to review market approaches. The UK banking sector, which has changed in structure, market coverage and its contribution to the UKÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s GDP are of great importance to the financial services industry are. The structure of the sector has changed due to technological and regulatory changes, resulting in opportunities and threats among the sector players. The opportunities include the expansion of service sin to the international market, and the collapse of market players, which created further market. The threats facing the sector include the adverse nature of acquisitions during financial crises and the threat of customer preference for institutions more specialized in their service delivery. The commonalities existing among major industry players in the areas of service marketing include the imposition of rates that can sustain continuation of service delivery. Among the differences in service marketing strategies evident among major sector players are that some place focus on developing services with the customer in mind. The marketing strategy of Barclays relies on market positioning and differentiation, to ensure that they keep a major portion of the UK banking services market. The relationship between service marketing issues and the theoretical principles of service marketing is that Ã¢â‚¬â€œ service institutions should ensure that they differentiate their services, so as to overcome the hurdle of service homogeneity. Reference List Amel, D Barnes, C Panetta, F and Salleo, C 2004, Consolidation and efficiency in the financial sector: a review of the international evidence, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 2,493Ã¢â‚¬â€œ5102. Barclays Bank PLC 2011, Barclays Bank PLC: Annual Report 2011. Web. Brockman, BK Morgan RM 2003, The role of existing knowledge in new product inn ovativeness and performance, Admin. SCI. Quart., vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 385-419. Buckle, M Thompson, J 2004, The UK financial system: theory and practice, Manchester Univ. Press, Manchester. Christiansen, CM Baird, B 1998, Cultivating capabilities to innovate: Booz-Allen Hamilton. HBS Case 9-698-027, Harvard Business School, Boston. Dale, BG 1999, Managing Quality, Blackwell, Boston, MA. Devlin, J 2005, A Detailed Study of Financial Exclusion in the UK, Journal of Consumer Policy, vol. 28, no. 1. pp. 75-108. Ferran, E Goodhart, C 2001, Regulating Financial Services and Markets in the 21st Century, Hart Pub., Oxford. Fletcher, F 1985, Getting the credit: an analysis of consumer financial services in the UK, Economist Publications, London. Lovelock, C and Wright, L 2001, Principles of service marketing and management, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Moran, M 1991, The politics of the financial services revolution: the USA, UK, and Japan, Macmillan, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Ha mpshire. Piesse, J Peasnell, K and Ward, C 1995, British financial markets and institutions. An international perspective, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Singh, D 2007, Banking regulation of UK financial markets, Ashgate, Aldershot. Slattery, D and Nellis, J 2005, Product development in UK retail banking Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Developing a market-oriented approach in a rapidly changing regulatory environment, International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 90-106. Stationery Office U.K. 2009, Legislative Scrutiny: Financial Services Bill and the Pre-budget Report Third Report of Session 2009-10 Report, Together With Formal Minutes and Appendices House of Lords Paper 21 Session 2009-10, The Stationery Office/Tso, London. Turner, A 2010, The future of finance: the LSE report, London School of Economics Political Science, London. Wolgast, M 2001, The Cruickshank report on competition in UK banking: Assessment and implications, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 161-170. Appendix Table 1: Peer rankings of UK banking groups in selected market segments 2010 International bonds Corporate bonds Foreign exchange Interest rate swaps Barclays 1 4 3 1 HSBC 4 8 7 Ã¢â‚¬â€œ RBS 8 10 5 3 Source: Slattery and Nellis (2005) Figure 1: Financial intimidation during 1958 (Figures in Ã‚ £ billions) Figure 2: Lending and Deposit-taking services by clearing banks 1960 and 2010 (Percentages of total deposits and loans) Figure 3: UK bankÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s sources of earnings This coursework on Financial Service in the United Kingdom was written and submitted by user Alexis I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Development of American Colonies essays

Development of American Colonies essays Before 1763, economic issues rather than religious positions determined the development of American colonies. Explore the validity of this statement by discussing three of the following colonies. (Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Carolina, Massachusetts Bay) Before 1763, the American colonies were greatly shaped by economic issues rather than religious issues. This statement will be investigated in three of the five available choices listed above. Virginia is known as the child of tobacco. In 1612, John Rolfe had perfected tobacco into a pleasant smoke. Soon after, the European demand for tobacco greatly increased and colonists of Virginia rushed for land in which to make their fortunes. Tobacco became such a big deal that Virginia at one point had to import food because of too much time spent growing tobacco. Eventually, tobacco was Virginias main trade, giving a strong economic advantage. The Carolinas were named after Charles II, and the land was given from him to eight of his favorite Proprietors. The Proprietors planned on growing foodstuffs to help supply the sugar plantations in Barbados. Wine, silk, and olive oil was also exported from the Carolinas. The Carolinas flourished because of close economic ties with the sugar plantations in the English West Indies. Rice was a main crop of the Carolinas as well, and was greedily accepted as a delicacy in Europe, furthering Carolinas economic strength. Maryland was founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore. Baltimore and his family were devout Catholics, and he partly made Maryland a haven for his fellow Catholics. The other part was to make a profit. Huge land grants were offered to Baltimores Catholic relatives, and offers were soon taken at the mentioning of free land. Tobacco was largely planted and depended on the cheap indentured servants in order to farm it. For that reason, Maryland increased in population and wealth a good amount. ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Retirement in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Retirement in America - Essay Example 6). The point where an individual discontinues his employment completely, which is called retirement, makes one entitled for private or public pension benefits and the notion of retirement in America has changed over the years. In a historical survey of retirement in America, one comes to recognize that the notion of retirement assumed a great impact on America after World War II and it has undergone essential changes ever since. Unlike the earlier days, there is an emergent notion in America today that "retirement is the beginning of a new and busy chapter of life, a time for continued learning and development, skill building, forming new and purposeful relationships, and giving back to the community Moreover, retirement is 'a time to begin a new chapter' in life and that, just beyond traveling, volunteering is what older adults look forward to most during this new stage of their life" (Johnson, 2003, p. vi). Therefore, the notion of retirement in America has changed over the years and the well-being of individuals after retirement is considered as one of the major responsibilities of the state and the government. Significantly, in the contemporary life of the Americans, retirement in America can effectively offer one of the best periods of life through careful and sensible planning. In this paper, a reflective analysis of retirement in America is offered in order to determine how it has changed from the past, how it will change in the future, which all are the major organizations doing to retirement plans for their employees, and whether employees can retire in America at 62, 67, or will they need to be older etc. Retirement in America In the United States, retirement has been a topic of constant changes over the past several decades - including the consequent attitudes of the people towards retirement, the provisions by the law, Social Security issues, the age of retirement, and other crucial aspects concerning retirement. One of the major responsibilities of the social security programs in America has been to ensure that the individuals who have dedicated their service and potential to the growth of the society are offered the best security programs during their period of old age. Social security has traditionally combined the goals of earnings replacement and income maintenance and the American Social Security system has played a major role in financing retirement. "Despite much criticism, the American Social Security system works fairly well, but only if you consider Social Security payments a handy supplement to other sources of retirement income. Many people who were young when the Social Security system bega n in the 1930's placed too much reliance on it and were forced into difficult financial circumstances in their old age because of inflation. By the 1970's the government began a comprehensive program of tax incentives for various other retirement funds. Individual Retirement Accounts (IRA's), Keogh Plans, and 401(K) plans are some examples." (Financing Retirement, 2007). Therefore, the American Social Security system has contributed heavily to the great changes that have taken place in retirement in America and it is possible that further changes in retirement take place in the future. In America, the rise of retirement started more than a century ago, unlike the commonly conceived notion that it was with

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Lifespan Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Lifespan Development - Essay Example Leonie Sugarman (1986) adopts the term life-span development as she tackles life-span development psychology, contributing to the field of the life-span process. Prior to the onset of the fields of social sciences, particularly psychology and sociology, understanding the development of the life course was not a popular undertaking. Now that lifespan theorists have explained systematically that a person goes through an organized process of lifespan development, studies began emphasizing its importance. Perhaps, this importance is geared towards understanding the process of change and development that occur within the course of life, alongside understanding the whys and hows of this development. A common problem with the social sciences is the idea that since they deal with aspects of human life, they tackle what is supposed to be the obvious and the already known, and their tasks are simply an elaboration of these. They use different ways on how to present the stages of growth and decline, which is but a mere rehash of the obvious facts of life. This assertion may sound true, but upon studying the lifespan development concept, it will link us to the greater truth that alters our perception of the life course. The central thinking to this assertion is that through the lifespan studies, man's thinking is influenced by lifespan development, reflecting on his own life after looking at the lives of others and being knowledgeable of the processes that he or she goes through in his or her own life course. Lifespan development models were able to develop knowledge and ideas on different ages, gender, levels of ability, race, ethnic and cultural background. In understanding the imp act of human growth and development, it is necessary that one looks at his own life course development and appreciate the importance of the key events that shape him/her as a person. Critical Assessment of Life-Span Development Models A common problem in the social sciences is the idea that since they deal with aspects of human life they deal with what in a sense is 'already' known and that as a result they are simply the elaboration of the obvious. They may use fancy words and difficult concepts but basically, everyone knows that every individual is born, then develops in a variety of ways and then experiences a period of gradual but inevitable decline. There is some truth in this assertion but truth also in the opposite view that studying life span development does actually alter our perception of how humans and thus, our individual selves develop. The central argument then is that although it is difficult if not impossible to measure the precise extent to which our thinking may have been influenced by LSD studies it is not unreasonable to suggest that it has. In addition, it is suggested that the main way in which this influence works is by individuals reflecting on their own lives after looking at the lives o f others. Due to the onset of life-span development models, a significant importance is now given to the concept of self-esteem, needs, achievement, growth, change, development, and the like, which play a significant role in the life course. It must be noted however, that unlike Freudianism, whose emphasis is only on the issues of 'growth' period associated to childhood and

Monday, November 18, 2019

Qualitative Article Review Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Qualitative Article Review - Research Paper Example The case method can be effective in conducting an in depth analysis of the classroom activities. Case based method of instruction provides teachers with several opportunities to consider the difficulties of teaching and learning process from a different point of view. This method also develops critical thinking and reflection in teachers. Therefore, Stevens et al used a case study to elicit teachers content knowledge, their ability to identify student misconceptions as well as conducting critical reflection. Stevens et al drew nine participants five women and four men, with ages ranging from 31 to over 60 years. These participants participated in the workshop and completed the Q methodology. The participants had an experience of over seven years teaching at public schools and eleven years of higher education teaching. Stevens et al developed concourse statements relevant to the mathematics development workshop. The team members discussed the teaching strategies and materials that wer e to be used. The members developed 12 statements that represented the activities related to the conceptual knowledge. The participants arranged the statement in terms of preference. They arranged the ones they feel helped them in conceptual development. Stevens et al conducted Correlation coefficients to compare the manner in which individual participants sorted the statements for each Q set. He conducted Principal components Analysis to identify the number of components present in the data.